Industrial aluminum profile extrusion production process flow

An industrial aluminum profile is an alloy material with aluminum as the main component. Aluminum rods are hot-melted and extruded to obtain aluminum materials with different cross-sectional shapes. However, due to the different composition ratios of the added alloys, the mechanical Performance and application fields are also different.

The general flow of the extrusion production process of industrial aluminum profiles is as follows                            

Selection of raw materials

An industrial aluminum profile is an industrial frame profile obtained by heating aluminum rods and extruding them through molds, while aluminum rods are formed by melting and casting aluminum ingots, which are called industrial aluminum profile raw materials; and the raw materials will directly affect the performance of industrial aluminum profile products.

The production of aluminum rods requires high technical requirements and industry standards to ensure the product performance of industrial aluminum profiles; the production of aluminum rods should pay attention to the following points:

(1) Content of active impurities

(2) Alloy composition

(3) Melt superheat temperature

(4) Diversion method

(5) The movement of the solution relative to the crystal plane

(6) Cooling rate

(7) Speed of casting 6063 aluminum rod

The heat treatment of aluminum rods must ensure temperature control, extrusion outlet temperature, online quenching temperature                              

Mold design

The industrial aluminum profile is the final product of an aluminum rod extruded through the mold after heating, and the mold is a device with high-precision specifications designed according to the demand, which is used to extrude the profile product of the required specification and cross-section; the design of the mold And maintenance should pay attention to the following points:

①The structure involved in the mold must first meet the production requirements, and also conform to the common sense of physics and mechanics, to ensure that the products produced can achieve the performance used.

②The material selection and hardness of the mold should be appropriate to avoid deformation, scratches, and other flaws during the extrusion process, which will affect the quality of the final product.

③The mold should be cleaned and inspected frequently, and any problems should be repaired in time to avoid scratches, burrs, and other flaws during the extrusion production process of the profile, which will seriously affect the quality of industrial aluminum profiles.

Industrial aluminum profile extrusion

Factors for attention in the extrusion process of industrial aluminum profiles:

①Temperature control: For extrusion production, extrusion temperature is the most basic and critical process factor. Extrusion temperature has a significant influence on product quality, production efficiency, die life, energy consumption, etc.

②Extrusion speed: The extrusion speed must be carefully controlled during the extrusion process. The extrusion speed has an important influence on the thermal effect of deformation, uniformity of deformation, recrystallization and solid solution process, mechanical properties of products, and surface quality of products.

③On-machine quenching: 6063-T5 quenching is to retain the Mg2Si that is solid-dissolved in the base metal at high temperature and is quickly cooled to room temperature after being released from the mold hole. The cooling rate is often proportional to the strengthening phase content. The minimum cooling rate that can be strengthened by 6063 alloy is 38°C/min, so it is suitable for air cooling and quenching. Changing the fan and the number of fan revolutions can change the cooling intensity so that the temperature of the product before tension straightening drops below 60°C.

Artificial aging

The aluminum profiles produced by extrusion have low hardness before aging and cannot be used as finished products. Therefore, generally speaking, they must be aged to increase their strength.

Production process control:

①Ingot temperature control: Before extruding on the machine, the temperature of the ingot should be measured, and the machine can be produced only after meeting the process requirements.

②On-line quenching process: solution quenching is the basic premise of aging, and aging without solution quenching is meaningless. Therefore, at the discharge port of the extruder, the online quenching process (wind quenching, wind-mist quenching, water quenching, etc.) Complies with the quenching sensitivity requirements of the alloy.

③Setting and control of the aging furnace temperature: Usually, there is a certain error between the aging furnace temperature and the apparent temperature of the aging furnace. When setting the surface temperature, it should be set according to the actual temperature of the furnace, and pay close attention to the fluctuation of the aging furnace temperature Condition.

④Aging heat preservation: Aging should be carried out in strict accordance with the process requirements, and the heat preservation time should be appropriate to prevent insufficient hardness due to under-aging or over-aging.

 

Billet framing and furnace loading

①The extrusion frame should not be too dense, and there must be a gap between the materials, especially the small and thick fabrics that are not ventilated. Put it down so that it is conducive to the time-effective circulation of air supply.

②The 6063 special alloys and the ordinary 6063 alloys should be aged separately before furnace loading. Due to production reasons, if it is really necessary to age in the same furnace, the special alloy process should be used for aging

 

Sandblasting + oxidation treatment process

After the extrusion molding of industrial aluminum profiles, the surface will have obvious stretch marks, and the surface micropores are relatively large and relatively rough, so they must be sandblasted. The impact of emery during the sandblasting process will cause the surface of the aluminum profile to change microstructure, accompanied by the crystal slip during the plastic deformation process, leading to the increase of dislocation density in the sub-grains, and the surface of the profile becomes smoother.

The surface treatment of industrial aluminum profiles goes through the following steps:

①Surface sandblasting;

②Surface pretreatment;

③Degreasing process for industrial aluminum profiles;

④Acid etching process for industrial aluminum profiles;

⑤Alkaline etching process of industrial aluminum profiles;

⑥Neutralization process;

⑦Oxidation process of industrial aluminum profiles;

⑧Sealing process of industrial aluminum profiles;

At present, to reduce the cost, many industrial aluminum profiles on the market reduce the surface oxidation treatment process of industrial aluminum profiles, directly adopting the silver-white oxidation treatment method, the surface is bright silver, and the coating is generally between 5μ-6μ, which is far from the industry standard (industry Standard coating 10μ-12μ).

Package

Because the quality requirements of industrial aluminum profile products are very high, and the overall aesthetics of the appearance are very particular, the requirements for later packaging are very strict. The overall packaging process is divided into the following categories:

①The surface of the profile is covered with film to avoid scratches.

②Pearl cotton wrapping;

③The outermost layer is wrapped with a layer of kraft paper to avoid scratching by hard objects;

 

Operating requirements for aging framing of industrial aluminum profiles

1. When hoisting materials into the furnace, the ends of aluminum profiles and air guides are controlled within 80-100mm.

2. Aluminum profiles for heat-insulating curtain walls and heat-insulating hot-spot window profiles must be aged in the same aging furnace. The temperature in the furnace is controlled within the range of 180°C ± 3°C. After reaching the temperature, keep it warm for 3 hours and leave the oven. After leaving the oven, immediately turn on the fan for 20 minutes. Cooling, the quality inspector checks the hardness;

3. It is not allowed to mix heat-insulating profiles and ordinary profiles in the resistance frame.

4. Aluminum profiles for heat insulation curtain walls must be divided into frames.

5. For small materials with a wall thickness ≥ 2mm, 80mm ventilation channels must be left at both ends of each frame.

6. If the aging heat insulation profile is not satisfactory to the furnace, about 1 to 2 frames of ordinary profiles (wall thickness below 2.0mm)

7. Ordinary curtain wall profiles and ordinary door and window profiles must be aged in the same aging furnace. The temperature in the furnace must be controlled within the range of 195°C±5°C. After reaching the temperature, keep the heat for 3 hours and leave the oven. After the oven is released, immediately turn on the fan to cool it for 20 minutes. Inspectors test hardness.

8. Flat dies with a wall thickness ≥ 4mm are not allowed to be stacked (only one piece is allowed per layer).

9. When the temperature in the furnace reaches the required temperature, the aging worker measures the test temperature in the furnace with a glass tube thermometer every 30 minutes and makes original records.

10. Aluminum profiles for general curtain walls, general door and window profiles, and architectural profiles must be installed in counterweight frames respectively.

About Aluminum Angle Profiles

The aluminum angle profile is a type of aluminum alloy profile commonly used in construction and industrial applications. It has the advantages of being lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and having good conductivity.

Aluminum angle profiles can be used in a variety of environments and conditions, and are widely used in industrial manufacturing, mechanical equipment, electrical equipment, architectural decoration, and other fields. It has good corrosion resistance and corrosion resistance and can be used for a long time without rust.

Aluminum angle profiles have gone through multiple processes in the production process to ensure their quality and performance. The production process includes aluminum material selection, aluminum cutting, aluminum bending, surface treatment, etc. The production process is strictly controlled to ensure that the quality and performance of each aluminum angle profile have reached the standard.

Aluminum corner profiles come in a variety of colors, in addition to silver, there are also red, blue, green, etc., which can be customized according to customer needs. In addition, aluminum angle profiles can also be surface treated according to customer needs, such as galvanized, copper-plated, silver-plated, etc.

The aluminum angle profile is an economical and practical profile with a reasonable price and high-cost performance in the market. It not only has good processability and installability but also has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and conductivity.